Organization of the Periodic Table and Valance Electrons
Periodic TableEach row in a periodic table is called a period and each column is called a group. As you move down the groups in the periodic table the number of valance electron orbitals goes up starting at one and going to eight, and as you go across the period from left to right the number of electron in the valance shell. The periodic table helps us to see which elements should bond to another due to the number of valance electrons that element contains.
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Valance ElectronsValance Electrons are electrons in the valance shell. The valance shell is the outer orbital in which electrons orbit the atom. The electrons in this area are the ones available for bonding. Atoms that have the same number of valance electrons behave similar chemically, while atoms with completed valance shells are nonreactive due to the fact that they have completed the octet rule.
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